Resistance is defined as the property of a conductor that opposes the flow of electricity. It is also defined as the ratio of the applied voltage to the current flowing through it.
Definition of Resistance
Resistance is the property of a material that prevents the flow of current. When a voltage is applied across the conductor, the free electrons begin to move in a particular direction.
As they move, these electrons fall into atoms or molecules and therefore generate heat. These atoms or molecules oppose the movement of free electrons in the material.
Conductive resistivity depends on the thickness of the material used in conductor construction, cross-sectional area and composition The resistivity of a conductor is directly proportional to the length of the conductor and inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area.
Resistivity is defined as the resistance offered by a material per unit length at unit cross section. The SI unit of resistance is the ohmmeter. Resistance increases linearly with temperature. Compared to the resistance of insulators, the resistance of conductors is small.
Resistance is a measure of how much force, such as friction, acting against the direction of body motion (current motion), tends to slow down or slow down the movement of the body to the extent that the conductor does not hinder the body. flow of current development. Resistance is measured in ohms.
For example, if you accelerate the car (using potential difference), the speed of the car increases (more current starts to flow). When you encounter a speed breaker (resistance), you slow it down so that the motor slows down (current flow is interrupted). This allows you to check the speed of your vehicle (circuit damage due to high current).
Difference Between Resistance and Resistivity
Resistance | Resistivity | |
| Definition | The measure of the degree to which an object opposes the flow of electric current through it. | The inherent property of a material determines how easily it can conduct electric current. |
| Symbol | R | ρ (rho) |
| Unit | Ohms (Ω) | Ohm-meters (Ω·m) |
| Formula | R = V/I (where V is voltage and I is current) | ρ = RA/L (where R is resistance, A is the cross-sectional area, and L is length) |
| Characterization | Resistance is a macroscopic property and depends on the size, shape, and material of an object. | Resistivity is a microscopic property and depends only on the material of an object. |
| Temperature dependence | Resistance generally increases with an increase in temperature. | Resistivity generally increases with an increase in temperature. |
| Importance | Resistance is important in determining the behavior of electrical circuits and devices. | Resistivity is important in designing electrical conductors and insulators. |
| Materials | Resistance varies greatly among different materials. | Resistivity is a specific property of each material. |
| Examples | Examples of objects with resistance include wires, resistors, and light bulbs. | Examples of materials with high resistivity include rubber, glass, and air. |
| Measurement | Resistance can be measured using a multimeter. | Resistivity is usually measured by performing experiments on a sample of the material. |
| Application | Resistance is important in designing electronic circuits and devices. | Resistivity is important in designing electrical conductors and insulators. |
