All vascular plants are further divided into monocots and dicots. This classification is mostly based on the number of cotyledons. In botany, a cotyledon is defined as the most important part of an embryo – the seed organ.
The word cotyledon comes from the Greek word for embryonic leaf. There are two different types of monocotyledons and dicotyledons.
What is Monocot?
Monocots or monocots generally refer to flowering plants or angiosperms with seeds that usually have only one embryonic leaf or cotyledon Peppers, onions, wheat, and grasses are good examples of monocots.
What is Dicot?
Dicots or dicots are generally referred to as flowering plants or angiosperms, the seeds of which usually have two embryonic leaves or cotyledons. Beans, peas, peas, and peas are all good examples of dicots. There are approximately 100,000 to 1.5 million different dioecious plants.
The root system is the underground part of the plant, which plays an important role in the transport of water and other important mineral nutrients from the soil to different parts of the shoot system or the flat parts of the plant.
Difference Between Dicot And Monocot Root
| Dicot Root | Monocot Root |
| Pericycle | |
| Gives rise to cork cambium, parts of the vascular cambium, and lateral roots | Gives rise to lateral roots only |
| Vascular Tissues | |
| Has a limited number of Xylem and Phloem | Has a higher number of Xylem and Phloem |
| Shape of Xylem | |
| Angular or Polygonal | Round or Oval |
| Number of Xylem and Phloem | |
| 2 to 8 | 8 to many |
| Pith | |
| Absent or very small and undeveloped | Larger and well developed |
| Conjunctive tissue | |
| Parenchymatous | Sclerenchymatous |
| Secondary growth | |
| Secondary growth occurs | Secondary growth does not occur |
| Cambium | |
| Present and formed by the Conjunctive parenchyma | Absent |
| Xylem | |
| Usually tetrarch | Polyarch |
| Cortex | |
| Comparatively Narrow | Very wide |
| Covering | |
| Older roots are covered by a Cork | Older roots are covered by an Exodermis |
| Examples | |
| Pea, beans, peanuts, etc. | Maize, banana, palm, etc. |
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